{"id":446,"date":"2026-07-04T18:37:53","date_gmt":"2026-07-04T18:37:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chill-lab.eu\/?p=446"},"modified":"2026-07-04T18:37:54","modified_gmt":"2026-07-04T18:37:54","slug":"glukhin-v-russia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chill-lab.eu\/it\/glukhin-v-russia\/","title":{"rendered":"Glukhin v. Russia"},"content":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"ai_generated_summary":"","wpai_meta_description":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"affected_subject":[61,74,76],"country":[105],"judicial_forum":[71],"relevant_legal_instruments_artic":[68,69,109,82,108,107],"rights_involved":[],"thematica_area":[42,43,44,49],"class_list":["post-446","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","affected_subject-activists","affected_subject-digital-users-online-communities","affected_subject-general-public","country-russia","judicial_forum-european-court-of-human-rights","relevant_legal_instruments_artic-article-10-freedom-of-expression-central","relevant_legal_instruments_artic-article-11-freedom-of-assembly-and-association-central","relevant_legal_instruments_artic-article-17-privacy-secondary","relevant_legal_instruments_artic-article-19-freedom-of-expression-secondary","relevant_legal_instruments_artic-article-6-fair-trial-contextual","relevant_legal_instruments_artic-article-8-right-to-respect-for-private-life-central","thematica_area-ai_surveillance_digital_rights","thematica_area-freedom_of_expression_media","thematica_area-right_to_protest_civil_disobedience","thematica_area-security_public_order_counter_terrorism"],"acf":{"observation_unit":["Judicial Decision"],"role_in_the_chilling_effect":"Judicial Response","linked_records":"","country":[105],"geographic_area":["Europe","Council of Europe Area"],"year":2023,"event_date":null,"last_updated":null,"thematic_area":[42,43,44,49],"measure_type":["Police or Security Measure","Protective Judicial Decision","Surveillance or Data Collection","Digital or Algorithmic Measure"],"pressure_actor":"Court Judiciary","affected_subjects":[61,74,76],"rights_involved":false,"relevant_legal_instruments_and_articles":[68,69,107,108,82,109],"record_status":"Decided","case_outcome":"Violation Found","outcome_description":"The European Court of Human Rights found violations of Article 8 and Article 10. It held that the authorities had failed to justify the administrative conviction of a peaceful solo protester and that the use of facial-recognition technology to identify, locate and arrest him was particularly intrusive and not necessary in a democratic society. For the CHILL Barometer, this record measures the protective effect of the judgment, not the restrictive intensity of the underlying surveillance and sanctioning measure.","judicial_response":"Court Finds a Rights Violation","judicial_forum":[71],"main_source":"https:\/\/hudoc.echr.coe.int\/eng?i=001-225655","secondary_sources":"","source_type":[84],"source_reliability":100,"overview":"Glukhin v. Russia is an ECtHR judgment concerning the use of facial-recognition technology against a peaceful solo protester in the Moscow underground. Nikolay Glukhin was identified and later located through facial-recognition technology after travelling with a cardboard figure and a protest banner. He was subsequently convicted in administrative-offence proceedings for failure to notify the authorities of his solo demonstration. The Court found violations of Article 8 and Article 10, stressing that the processing of biometric data in the context of peaceful political expression was particularly intrusive and incompatible with democratic rule-of-law values. For the CHILL Atlas, the judgment is a strong protective response because it limits the use of biometric identification against peaceful protesters and connects privacy, surveillance and freedom of expression. The underlying surveillance and administrative sanction should be assessed separately as the linked restrictive measure.","barometer_status":"Complete Assessment","barometer_scope":"Judicial Response Assessment","effect_on_chilling_pressure":"Reduces Pressure","chilling_effect_level":"Very High","measure_intensity":0,"legal_uncertainty":"0","sanctioning_risk":0,"breadth_of_affected_subjects":0,"vulnerability_of_affected_subjects":0,"documented_deterrent_effect":0,"public_visibility_exemplary_effect":0,"replicability_of_the_measure":0,"surveillance_or_data_collection":0,"procedural_safeguards":5,"protective_judicial_response":5,"corrective_or_mitigating_effect":1,"barometer_source_reliability":5,"total_barometer_score":76,"barometer_confidence":"High","barometer_notes":"This assessment measures the protective impact of the ECtHR judgment, not the restrictive intensity of the underlying biometric surveillance and administrative conviction. Restrictive indicators are set to 0 because the facial-recognition measure should be assessed in a separate linked record. The judgment reduces chilling pressure by finding violations of Articles 8 and 10 and by treating the use of facial-recognition technology against a peaceful protester as particularly intrusive and incompatible with democratic rule-of-law standards. The corrective effect is strong, although its practical implementation is limited by the Russian context and by the need for broader domestic reform.","presence_of_ai":"Yes","role_of_ai":["Biometric Identification"],"automation_level":"High","human_oversight":"Formal Only","data_type_used":"Biometric Data","ai_act_relevance":"High","environmental_context":[],"economic_actor_involved":[],"corporate_accountability_connection":["Not Assessed"],"aarhus_convention_connection":["Not 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